Urban biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms found in cities, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. In Athens, this biodiversity manifests itself through parks, groves, gardens, and even small green spaces between buildings. The Pedion tou Areos, for example, is home to over 70 plant species, mainly of Greek and Mediterranean origin, providing shelter to a diverse range of fauna.

Spending time in green spaces, such as local parks, can improve mood, reduce feelings of stress or anger, boost self-esteem, reduce loneliness, and help a person feel more relaxed and connected to nature and the wider community.